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Manor house complex - Zabytek.pl

Manor house complex


manor house Widuchowa

Address
Widuchowa, 82A

Location
woj. świętokrzyskie, pow. buski, gm. Busko-Zdrój - obszar wiejski

The complex spatially shaped in the primary layout in the 17th century, with minor alterations in the following centuries; an example of late Renaissance manor house built on the foundations of an earlier defensive structure.

Used until the present day in its original residential function.

History

The time of construction, or rather the reconstruction and extension of a former building, can be determined based on the foundation plaque placed over the main entrance, which reads, “Mikołaj Krupka, the owner of Mojkowice and Widuchowa, erected this building in the year of our Lord 1620. For those who will follow to preserve it.” The Gothic fortified building turned into a Renaissance manor with a columned arcade; it is probable that the well-known builder of Chęciny, Kacper Fodyga, was hired for the construction. In the following years, the property was sold and inherited a number of times; in 1726 it went into the hands of Bishop Felicjan Szaniawski who bequeathed the estate to the seminary in Kielce in 1729. The complex was redeveloped and adjusted to the new function, mainly inside. The rooms in the upper floor and the hall were redesigned, and a new staircase was installed. Ca. 1864 the property was taken over by the state for debts, and in 1882 the village and the manor were purchased by a Russified Georgian prince, Gen. Agaton Wachwawidze, who, however, did not dwell in the manor and did not invest there. After the Russian revolution, the Widuchowa estate, thanks to the surviving family of the general, became a shelter for the Georgian emigration. The next owner was a Polish Army captain, Bolesław Makowski, who acquired the complex in 1937. The building did not probably undergo any significant changes, besides some ad-hoc repairs and the reinforcement of the ground floor vaults; also, a new plaster articulation was made on the façade. Widuchowa was officially administered by the captain’s niece Jadwiga Szeromska. After WW2, she dwelled in one of the outbuildings after the estate was plotted out during nationalization. The property is still in the hands of her legal successors. The manor was intended as the owner’s apartment, but in recent years it has been used very rarely. In the 1950s-1960s, some temporary reinforcements were made of the porch and front façade. In 2013, this section of the building was completely renovated, some damaged elements were replaced along with the roofing. The garden and grange did not survive, and the south-north elongated shape of the complex is not visible any more.

Description

The manor house is situated in the west part of the village, on a gentle slope, in the middle of a long-gone park, in the vicinity of manor ponds. North and east of the building, there are the remains of old plantings and low, wild greenery; south of the house, there are meadows and orchards - in place of the original, formerly rectangular garden. Access from the local road is possible from the east. The building is set on a square plan, one-storied, with partial basement, covered with a high hipped roof. From the east side, there is a five-bay columned arcade with pseudo-Ionic capitals, groin-vaulted on five fields. The façades are flat, asymmetrical, with traces of extensions and alterations, multi-axial in the upper floor, with single windows and corner buttresses in the ground floor. The layout of the interior indicates multiple phases of the construction. The oldest part of the edifice is the vaulted basement in the west nave; the ground floor is of two-bay, tow-way character with four cross-vaulted rooms and stairs installed in a later period. On the upper floor, there is a two-bay system with rooms isolated by wooden partitions. The roof was restored after WW2 in the original form but with a new supporting construction; it has been renovated recently. The manor house was built of quarry stone, similarly the vaulting; the ceiling are wooden beams. The façades are plasterless, except for the front one; it was renovated not so long ago together with the arcade. In the south, ground floor window there is a stone frame with a frieze and cornice and an old twisted grille.   Inside, in the ground floor walls, there are three stone, profiled door frames of late Renaissance style, today plastered and unclear.  

The complex is partially accessible. Entry upon prior arrangement with the owner.

Compiled by Włodzimierz Pedrycz, 09.04.2015.

Bibliography

  • Karta ewidencyjna zabytków architektury i budownictwa, Dwór, oprac. A. Myślińska, Kielce 1996, mps w archiwum Wojewódzkiego Urzędu Ochrony Zabytków w Kielcach i Narodowego Instytutu Dziedzictwa w Warszawie.
  • Kalina D., Budownictwo rezydencjonalno-obronne na terenie Gminy Busko Zdrój. Dane wstępne  [w:] Z dziejów budownictwa rezydencjonalno-obronnego na terenie gminy Busko-Zdrój, pod redakcją D. Kaliny, Kielce - Busko-Zdrój 2009.
  • Kalina D., Dziedzictwo kulturowe miejscowości na terenie gminy Busko-Zdrój. Zarys dziejów  [w:] Miasto i gmina Busko-Zdrój. Dzieje i zabytki, D. Kalina, R. Mirowski, Busko-Zdrój 2014.
  • Mirowski R., Zabytki miejscowości gminy Busko [w:] Miasto i gmina Busko-Zdrój. Dzieje i zabytki, D. Kalina, R. Mirowski, Busko-Zdrój 2014.
  • Rogala S. Busko-Zdrój i okolice, Kielce 1999.

Category: manor house

Protection: Register of monuments

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_N_26_ZE.21461