It was probably designed by the famous architect Henryk Marconi. 

History

The town was first mentioned in historical records at the end of the 14th century. In the second half of the 16th century, a brick and earth defensive fortifications were built here, the remains of which have survived to our times. From 1793, this land was owned by August Kicki – the starosta (community elder) of Krasnystaw, and then his son Kajetan – an exemplary farmer, social activist and philanthropist. Around 1842, Kajeta Kicki erected a new palace next to the former fortifications. The palace followed the principles of the Palladian architecture and was probably designed by the architect Henryk Marconi. 

Kajetan Kicki had no children and therefore in 1878 he donated his property to the Society of Agricultural Settlements and Craft Shelters, obliging the Society to complete the construction of the palace in Orłowo (which was to accommodate an art museum), erect a church and a community centre. The palace was completed after 1882, with some modifications, due to which it lost some of its initial stylistic features (e.g. the two-storey portico was removed, a two-storey avant-corps was added and a single-storey annex was built. The galleries that were to connect the palace with the flanking wings were not built as initially planned). Until the Second World War, the palace complex was owned by the Society. During the occupation of Poland, the property was taken over by the German administration. After 1945, the palace complex was used as a school and a health centre. At present, it belongs to private owners and is not used (with the exception of the western flanking wing, which accommodates a health centre).

Description

The palace and park complex is situated to the south-east of the village, near the ruins of a castle. The Palace. Classicist. The front elevation faces north-east. The palace was built on a rectangular floor plan. It is two-storey, cellared, with a pronounced two-storey avant-corps from the south-east and a later added single-storey annex from the north-west. The interiors are symmetrical, two-bay, with a hall and a lounge in the middle. It is a brick-and-plaster palace with a hipped roof clad with sheet metal. The front elevation has eleven axes, with a five-axial false avant-corps in the middle. The main entrance is preceded by a four-column Tuscan portico supporting the terrace. The rear elevation has seven axes, with a three-axial false avant-corps in the middle. The corners of the palace feature rusticated ashlars, whereas the ground floor is covered with delicate horizontal rusticated masonry.

The avant-corpses are divided by Tuscan pilasters on the ground floor and Ionic pilasters on the first floor. The storeys are separated by three expanded cordon cornices and topped with a simplified entablature. In the garden avant-corps, there are porte-fenêtre windows surmounted by wide, profiled archivolts. The other windows are rectangular. Those on the first floor are encircled with surrounds and topped with cornice sections. The original décor and furnishings have long disappeared from the interiors. In front of the palace, there is a representative courtyard with an oval lawn, flanked by two identical outbuildings. The outbuildings represent a Classicist style. They are built on a rectangular floor plan and have one storey. Their brick and stone walls are covered with plaster and topped with hipped roofs clad with sheet metal. The interiors follow a two-bay layout, with little lobbies on the axis of the porticoes. The elevations are seven-axial and rusticated. In the corners, they are surmounted by Tuscan pilasters and topped with a simplified entablature. The longer elevations and the lateral elevations facing the driveway incorporate two-column porticoes topped with triangular pediments.

The windows are rectangular and enclosed with surrounds, with cornices on top. The original spatial arrangement of the landscape park has been partly preserved, with a double access lane lined with chestnut trees and poplars, ending with a lawn in front of the palace façade. Behind the palace, there is a viewing axis towards the surrounding fields and the valleys of the Wolica River. 

The heritage site can be viewed from outside

compiled by Bożena Stanek-Lebioda, National Institute of Cultural Heritage, Branch Office in Lublin, 17 February 2016

Bibliography

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• “Tygodnik Ilustrowany”, 1897, no. 5, p. 83 (drawing by Walery Brochocki “Tygodnik Powszechny”, 1882, no. 14, pp. 209, 220 (illustration according to a drawing by E. Andriolli).
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