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The Parish Church of St. Lawrence - Zabytek.pl

The Parish Church of St. Lawrence


church 1883-1888 Kutno

Address
Kutno, Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego 2

Location
woj. łódzkie, pow. kutnowski, gm. Kutno (gm. miejska)

The church was designed by Konstanty Wojciechowski (1841 – 1910) - an architect from Warsaw. The building was erected in the “Vistula-Baltic Gothic” style.

History

The wooden church, existing in this place since 1301, burned down in 1476. It was replaced by a brick church, erected in the 15th century. The brick church was pulled down in 1882-83. Soon afterwards, the construction of the present-day parish church began, according to a design by Konstanty Wojciechowski. It was completed in 1888. The church was consecrated in 1878. In 1915, the bells were destroyed during wartime military operations. The church was renovated in 1921. New bells were also hung then. Another renovation of the church was carried out in 1945 and then in 1979 - when the towers and roofing were repaired.

Description

The church dominates over the centre of the town. It is situated at the end of Królewska Street, in the eastern frontage of Plac Wolności (Liberty Square). It stands in the middle of a partially fenced, rectangular plot.

The church has the form of a Gothic Revival, oriented, three-nave basilica with a two-tower façade. It is situated on a rectangular plan incorporating a Latin cross, consisting of a nave, a narrower, semi-hexagonally terminated chancel and two chapels forming a transept. Each is rectangular and terminated semi-hexagonally. From the south and north, the chancel is adjoined by two rooms – sacristies, each built on a floor plan of a rectangle.

In the western part of the church, at the level of the aisles, the floor plan incorporates two separate squares which make up the outlines of the towers. Rooms on a trapezoidal floor plan adjoin the outer walls of each of the towers.

The central nave as well as the narrower and lower chancel and chapels are covered with gable and three-hipped roofs. Over the aisles and the sacristies, there are shed roofs.

The church was built from solid ceramic bricks laid with lime mortar. The foundations are made of fieldstones laid with lime mortar. The church is covered with groin vault, which is made of brick too. The roof truss is wooden and has with a double suspension structure. The roofs are clad with galvanized sheet.

Ceramic and stone floors, plank floors on joists. The rectangular windows have wooden frames and segmental tops. The types of windows include: pointed-arch or full-arch; casement, multi-pane, individually glazed. External and internal doors are solid, double-wing, pointed arch headed or straight-headed.

Outside, the church is surrounded by pilaster strips imitating stepped buttresses. Set on a low, plastered foundation. The western façade, three-axial, symmetrical with two, four-storey towers flanking the wall of the nave, topped with a stepped gable with pinnacles. In the ground level storey of the façade, the axes are accented by pointed arch headed portals. Above, there are identical window openings. The axes are separated by stepped pilaster strips imitating buttresses; the storeys are crowned with stepped cornices. On the third storey of each of the towers, there is a pair of slender windows topped with a pointed arch, with single openings of the same shape above. On both storeys, the openings are covered with shutters. Above the third-storey cornice, on the walls of the towers, there is a frieze created with brick shapes, arranged into a four-leaf pattern. Together with the corner pilasters, it creates imitates a balustrade. The towers are topped with triangular gables and covered with cupolas in the form of slender pyramids.

The other elevations are articulated similarly to the façade – with eaves cornices and stepped pilaster strips imitating buttresses. On the ground level storey, in the walls of the aisles, between pilaster strips, there are double, narrow pointed windows. Each of these pairs is accompanied by a single, high, pointed-arch opening in the wall of the nave.

Above the roof of the eastern wall of the nave, there is a stepped top with pinnacles – similar to the one on the western wall. In the central pinnacle, there is a ridge turret.

Inside, there is a four-bay nave, a two-bay chancel and a groin vault made of brick.

The heritage site is accessible to the general public. Visits must be arranged in advance by telephone.

Compiled by Agnieszka Lorenc – Karczewska, Regional Branch of the National Institute of Cultural Heritage in Łódź. 10 July 2019

Bibliography

  • Record sheet of the parish church of St. Lawrence in Kutno, compiled by Lisińska H., 2000, Archives of the Voivodeship Heritage Authority in Łódź and the Archives of the National Institute of Cultural Heritage in Warsaw.
  • Katalog Zabytków Sztuki w Polsce. Vol. II, Województwo łódzkie, Warszawa 1954, p. 31.
  • Stefański K., Polska architektura sakralna w poszukiwaniu stylu narodowego, Łódź 2000, p. 42
  • Stefański K., Architektura XIX wieku na ziemiach polskich, Warszawa 2005, p. 145.

Category: church

Architecture: Neo-Gothic

Building material:  brick

Protection: Register of monuments, Monuments records

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_N_10_BK.129245, PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_E_10_BK.191491