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Castle complex - Zabytek.pl

Castle complex


castle Karłowice

Address
Karłowice, Młyńska 7

Location
woj. opolskie, pow. opolski, gm. Popielów

The castle complex in Karłowice is an example of a Gothic defensive complex built in the 14th century.

History

The castle complex was built in the 14th century, when the village of Karłowice was owned by the Czambor de Kertzendorf (von Tschammer) family. It was erected on a trapezoidal floor plan with a tower in the western part. Thereafter, in 1440, the castle became property of the von Beess family, and in 1565, it was bought by the Piast dynasty from Brześć. At that time, the castle was re-designed. A new residential building was erected, the tower was extended upwards to approx. 25 m, and the wing with the entrance gate was extended. In 1675, after the extinction of the Piast dynasty from Brześć, the estate in Karłowice became part of the royal domain and was often leased. At that time, further conversion of the building took place: the castle chapel was extended, and the residential building and the south-western wing as well. From 1905, the complex was owned by the Royal Property Administration, and from 1922 - by the Silesian Land Association from Wrocław. In 1937, the area of the estate was only 88 ha and it become property of Franz Krauze. After World War II, the estate was nationalised and for the next several dozen years, the grange remained under administration of the Popielów Rural Cooperative, while the castle and the park were administered by the State Forestry Management in Brzeg. Currently, both the castle as well as the utility buildings remain in private hands.

Description

The castle complex is located in the south-eastern part of Karłowice, on Młyńska Street, on the north-western side of the Strobawa river bed. The castle is partially circumscribed by a moat and a small park created in the 19th century. Nearby, there are utility buildings of the former grange (granary, mill, coach house, governor’s house), built in the first half of the of the 19th century.

The castle is made of brick and plastered (except for the tower), and erected on a floor plan of an irregular quadrangle. It was comprised of a cylindrical tower (built in the mid-14th century, and extended upwards in the 16th and 19th century), currently occupying the south-eastern part of the complex, with window openings with semicircular arches, covered with a conical roof, and of peripheral walls. There was a gate by the tower, transformed at a later time in a gate house.

The main castle house was located to the west from the tower. It was dismantled at the turn of the 17th and the 18th century, and in its place, in 1715, a Baroque aisleless, three-bay chapel was built on a rectangular floor plan, with a semi-circular apse. It was topped with a gable roof with a pediment from the west. Inside, there were the following fittings: gallery, choir, and barrel vaults with lunettes.

In the second half of the 18th century, a two-storey residential building was erected by the gate house. In 19th century, the residential building was extended to the north. Its floor plan is shaped as an “L” letter. The layout of the rooms is irregular, with a spacious hallway from the courtyard. The rooms are covered with flat ceilings. The building is covered with a half-hip roof. The seven-axial front façade, with irregularly arranged axes, is framed with pronounced buttresses in the western corners.

The courtyard was closed in the second half of the 19th century with another residential house (from the south), erected on a rectangular floor plan. The façades of the two-storey building with a flat roof are adorned with plain lintel cornices and cornices between individual storeys.

In the eastern wing, there is a utility building erected in the 16th century on the floor plan of an elongated and slightly angled rectangle, adjoining the defensive walls. It is topped with a gable roof and houses one suite of rooms which are formed by high basements covered with barrel vaults. The window openings are shaped as embrasures. In the entrance from the courtyard, there is a pointed-arch late-Gothic stone portal.

The fittings of the church and the chapel are currently stored in the Piast Castle in Brześć.

Limited access to the monument.

compiled by Aleksandra Ziółkowska, Regional Branch of the National Heritage Board of Poland in Opole, 10-12-2015.

Bibliography

  • Gaworski M., Opolskie zamki i pałace, Strzelce Opolskie 2011, s.68.
  • Kajzer L., Kołodziejski S., Salm J., Leksykon zamków w Polsce, Warszawa 2012, s. 219
  • Karta ewidencyjna zabytku architektury, Dom mieszkalny rządcy (12) założeniu zamkowo-parkowo-folwarcznym w Karłowicach, oprac. Małyszko S., 1999, Archiwum Wojewódzkiego Urzędu Ochrony Zabytków w Opolu.
  • Karta ewidencyjna zabytku architektury, Młyn zbożowy - wodny i motorowy ob. nie użytkowany w Karłowicach, oprac. Małyszko S., 1999, Archiwum Wojewódzkiego Urzędu Ochrony Zabytków w Opolu.
  • Karta ewidencyjna zabytku architektury, Budynek stajni i wozowni w zespole młyna w Karłowicach, oprac. Sawińska E., 2011, Archiwum Wojewódzkiego Urzędu Ochrony Zabytków w Opolu.
  • Karta ewidencyjna zabytku architektury, Spichlerz (18), później magazyny gorzelni (?) wnętrza biurowe a obecnie pomieszczenia produkcyjne w Karłowicach, oprac. Małyszko S., 1999, Archiwum Wojewódzkiego Urzędu Ochrony Zabytków w Opolu.
  • Katalog Zabytków Sztuki w Polsce, t. 7: Województwo opolskie, z. 1: Powiat brzeski, oprac. T. Chrzanowski, M. Kornecki, M. Zlat, Warszawa 1960, s.41-43.
  • Zabytki Sztuki w Polsce. Śląsk, red. zbiorowa, Warszawa 2006, s. 385-386, 500.

Category: castle

Architecture: Gothic

Building material:  brick

Protection: Register of monuments, Monuments records

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_N_16_BK.19869, PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_E_16_BK.19360