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Mill complex (watermill, grain storage facility – granary, miller’s house) - Zabytek.pl

Mill complex (watermill, grain storage facility – granary, miller’s house)


mill Gryfice

Address
Gryfice, Młyńska 2

Location
woj. zachodniopomorskie, pow. gryficki, gm. Gryfice - miasto

It is an example of a nineteenth-century mill complex located on the Reda river, on the site formerly occupied by watermills (since 14th c.), the existence of which has been historically proven.

The complex features the original spatial and architectural layout with historic buildings, hydro-technical facilities and complete equipment of the process line from the 1910s-1920s.

History

The complex of the mill buildings and hydro-technical facilities was built in the mid-19th century - 1930s. In the mid-19th century, the mill was taken over by the Zühlcke family, who contributed to the extension and modernisation of the mill buildings and water node, and was the owner of water rights to the bend of the Rega river, barrage and flood-meadows. The then complex of buildings consisted of half-timbered mill building with drive wheels, masonry mixing facility with a warehouse, and half-timbered granary on an island.

In 1892, part of the old (half-timbered buildings were demolished and the other sections of the mills were significantly altered and extended, as evidenced by the inscription on the southern wall [18 O Z 92]; these works were conducted by Otto Zühlcke. In the first quarter of the 20th century, the owner of the mill was Werner Zühlcke, who carried out further modernisation works. In the late 1920s, the mill was purchased by Siegfierd and Herman Loepert, who were expropriated under the Nuremberg Laws.

After 1945, the mill was nationalised and was owned by the State Cereal Company in Gryfice. Until the end of the 1990s, the mill operated continuously (with three shifts) with the maximum capacity of about 70 tonnes per day, and water power was generated by two turbines with a capacity of 80 and 120 hp. Since 2003, the complex has been a private property and served as a small power plant.

Description

The mill complex is located in the eastern part of the Old Town, next to the Rega river, along Młyńska Street and on an island.

The historic complex of buildings consists of actual mill (next to the river), miller’s house (in Młyńska Street), granary - storage facility, and utility buildings (on an island). Integral components of the complex include historical and modern hydro-technical facilities, which are used as exhibits representing the regional industrial architecture: permanent overflow weir, weir in the Ulga channel - tripartite, inlet for a turbine - chambers with gates, weir in the mill channel - quadripartite, fish ladder - concrete, six-chamber.

The watermill building is multi-phase structure built between the mid-19th century and 1920s; the oldest elements have been preserved in the basement and on the lower storeys. The structure is characterised by its irregular floor plan (in the shape of the letter “L”) and fragmented body with different shapes of the roof; the entire structure features a functional layout of the rooms. The building consists of several brick parts: actual mill, mixing facility, resource chambers (on three storeys), storage facility for finished goods, cleaning room, and workshop. The storeys are covered with wooden ceilings (exposed beams) resting on two rows of pillars with crossbeams. The roof trusses feature a rafter structure with staining beams (over the actual mill) and queen-post supports, and a purlin roof truss with queen posts (above the cleaning room). The architectural form and décor of the façades are typical of industrial buildings from the late 19th and early 20th century and are based on rhythmic axial partitions (with the original window joinery), accentuated by simple lesenes and metal anchors; the entire structure is smoothly plastered. The mill features historic 100-years-old process line equipment and machines, including Francis turbines, roller grinders manufactured by “MIAG” and “WETZIG”, flour chambers, aspiration cabinet, horizontal separators, scales, and sorters.

The grain storage facility (granary) represents two phases of construction; it was built around the mid-19th century (half-timbered structure) and modified in the 1930s. The building retained the original architectural form and shape of the roof, as evidenced by the images of the town dating to the period from the late 19th century onward. It was a classic granary, originally a floor granary, and later, after alterations, a chamber granary, used to store grain for production, with instruments for weighing and pre-cleaning. The building was erected on a rectangular floor plan, has a compact (two-storey) body, basement, usable (two-level) attic in a mansard roof. The preserved original components of the building include stone and brick basement walls, wooden ceilings made of exposed beams, and roof truss. The new brick peripheral walls are reinforced by numerous metal anchors, which are connected to the structure of the inner chambers. The façades are characterised by rhythmic axial partitions, divided by simple and sawtooth cornices. The interior of the building is divided into two part: western part with eight chambers and eastern part used as a storage area, with devices for weighing, cleaning and transporting grain.

The residential house (miller’s house) was built in 1909; originally, it was incorporated into a compact frontage of the street buildings. The building is a small-town tenement with a historicist façade décor. The house has an irregular (trapezoid) floor plan, two storeys, basement underneath some of its sections, and is covered with a multi-faced roof. The walls are built of ceramic bricks and are plastered and rusticated. The wooden ceilings are made of beams and clay; the basement features segmental ceramic ceilings. The roof rests on a rafter roof truss with straining beams and queen post supports; the roof is clad with interlocking tiles. The front façades are characterised by a regular layout, accentuated by cornices and architectural opening surrounds. The interior features an asymmetrical two-bay layout with pass-through rooms; the southern section was used as a shop.

The mill complex can be viewed from the footbridge over the Reda river and from Młyńska and Parkowa Streets. Viewing of the interior is only possible by arrangement with the owner.

compiled by Waldemar Witek, Regional Branch of the National Heritage Board of Poland in Szczecin, 05-11-2014.

Bibliography

  • Witek M.W., Młyny, spichlerze, magazyny w przestrzeni miejskiej powiatu gryfickiego. [w:] Trzebiatów - Spotkania Pomorskie 2012, red. J. Kochanowska, Trzebiatów 2013, s. 248-266.
  • Witek M.W., Młyny wodne i wiatraki w krajobrazie kulturowym Pomorza Zachodniego - („Płyń wodo, wiej wietrze”), T. IV, red. B. Andziak, Siemczyno 2014, s. 55-70.

Category: mill

Architecture: nieznana

Building material:  brick

Protection: Register of monuments, Monuments records

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_N_32_BK.112687, PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_E_32_BK.389071