History

Czerniewice is first mentioned in historical records in 1396. In 1413, a larch church was ordered to be built by the then heirs of Czerniewice, the Rzeszotko brothers. In the first half of the 16th century, Katarzyna Kuczka became the heiress, followed by Stefan Stefan Ruczki in 1609. In the 1650s, the village was burnt down by the Swedes. In 1841, Jan Wojciech Lechowski became the next heir of Czerniewice. Deeply committed to the development of the village, he founded a shelter for the elderly and the disabled, a school and the court of the 3rd district of Rawa Mazowiecka. In 1892, the owner of Czerniewice, Helena Lechowska, leased the entire estate, including the English park adjoining the manor house. At that time, there were 429 trees in the park (53 linden trees, 13 horse chestnut trees, 6 rowan trees, as well as spruce trees). In 1904, the next owner, Adolf Buchowiecki, established an “Agricultural Society” aimed to promote progress in agriculture. In 1939, Adolf Buchowiecki (son) became the owner of the estate. Unfortunately, he was arrested by Nazi-Germans and died in a concentration camp. During the German occupation, the estate was managed by a German - Mr. Leiman.

In 1945, the manor house with the adjoining park was converted into a primary school, which existed there until 1974. On the property, there is a partially preserved portal of the manor house, which was renovated in 2010. The park was revitalized then too.

Description

The park is situated to the south of the S8 Warsaw-Wrocław expressway, at the asphalt road leading from the village of Czerniewice to the village of Wielka Wola.

The park has the shape of an irregular elongated diamond with an area of 2.5 ha. It is situated on a hill sloping northwards, towards a valley with ponds which surround the former manor buildings from the west and north. From the east, the park is delimited by the road leading from the village of Czerniewice to the village of Wielka Wola. From the south, it is delimited by a wide field road leading west and then turning south just beyond the boundary of the park. From the north, it is delimited by a paved road with a bridge over the pond, which leads to the former utility buildings. The latter are currently being revitalized. At the western boundary, there is a mesh fence along a sports field (formerly an orchard). Just at the eastern boundary of the park, there was once a ravine.

The park has a mixed landscape character, adapted to the topography of the terrain. In the southern part of the park, one can discern a geometrical arrangement with a linden tree alley and an ash tree alley with a shrine. The tree species in the park include the Norway spruce, small-leaved linden, silver birch, European larch, Norway maple and white poplar. In the northern part of the park, in front of the porch, there is an oval flower bed surrounded by a driveway, which leads to the utility buildings. Two field elms have been recognized as a natural monument.

In the middle of the park, there is a preserved part of the façade of the brick manor house. On the wall of that building, there was an inscription “year 1886”, however, its architectural layout suggests that it was built in the 3rd phase of the Neoclassical era (1815-1830).

There are four view lines running from the manor house in the following directions:

• Northern – onto the access alley and the former pond
• South-eastern – onto the bottom of the former ravine at its widest point
• Southern – onto the shrine
• Western – onto farm buildings

Property of the municipality of Czerniewice. The site is open to the public.

Compiled by Aleksandra Preczyńska, student of the University of Łódź, field of study: history of art 22 August 2019

Bibliography

• Ewidencja Zabytkowej Zieleni wg opracowania T. Grabowskiego, T. Kozaneckiego z 15.11.1980 r.