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Hillfort - Zabytek.pl

Address
Przysieka Polska

Location
woj. wielkopolskie, pow. kościański, gm. Śmigiel - obszar wiejski

A tribal settlement of the Obrzanie tribe, built before the advent of the Piast monarchy.The tribe, taking their name from the Obra river, occupied territories located in the middle and upper Obra river drainage basin.

Location and description

The hillfort is located one kilometre to the north-east from the historic buildings of the village of Bruszczewo, near the property located at 5 Piaskowa street, about 150 metres to the east from the road from Przysieka Polska to Bruszczewo.

The hillfort has a diameter of approximately 70 metres and features an inner courtyard with a 30-metre diameter which once features a group of buildings positioned around its centre. The structure comprises a relatively low wood and earth rampart with a width of 9 metres, a berm with a stone footing (about 2 metres wide), a moat with a width of 2.5-3.5 metres and a low stone and earth embankment with a width of 3 metres.

History

The ring fort existed between the 7th century and the late 9th/early 10th century or even the early 11th century; it was the culmination of the process of settlement of the Samica river valley (part of the Obra river drainage basin) from the 7th century onwards, the most intensive settlement period occurring from the 7th to the 8th/9th century. The Bruszczewo hillfort, built before the Piast monarchy took hold of the area, forms an archaeological indicator of the process of the formation of tribal elites. The southern part of the site contains infantry trenches dating back to 1944.

The site was discovered during the 19th century. Research on the site was carried out in 1889, 1911 and during the interwar period. During World War II (1943, 1944) the area became the site of trench warfare. After the war, excavations under the direction of S. Janosz were performed in years 1963, 1969 and 1970.

Condition and results of archaeological research

According to Z. Kurnatowska, the hillfort originates from years 600 - 950 A.D., W. Hensel believes that it existed between 500/600 A.D. and 1050 A.D. (or perhaps even until 1251, although this is uncertain), while S. Janosz states that the hillfort remained in use between the 7th and the 8th century or between the 7th century and the first half of the 10th century.

The hillfort is easily accessible as it is located in a developed area of the village.

compiled by Marek Wróbel, Regional Branch of the National Heritage Board of Poland in Poznan, 06-10-2014.

Bibliography

  • Brzostowicz M., Bruszczewski zespół osadniczy w IX i X wieku, „Centrum i zaplecze we wczesnośredniowiecznej Europie Środkowej, Spotkania Bytomskie, t. 3, 1999, s. 135-153;
  • Brzostowicz M., Bruszczewski zespół osadniczy we wczesnym średniowieczu, 2002;
  • Brzostowicz M., Bruszczewo i Spławie - dwa przykłady grodów plemiennych z południowej Wielkopolski, „Wielkopolskie Sprawozdania Archeologiczne”, t. 6, 2003, s. 15-31;
  • Hensel W., „Studia i Materiały do Osadnictwa Wielkopolski Wczesnohistorycznej”, 1950, t. 1, s. 74-77;
  • Kurnatowska Z., Początki i rozwój państwa, „Pradzieje Wielkopolski. Od epoki kamienia do średniowiecza”, 2008, s. 309

Category: hillfort

Protection: Register of monuments, Monuments records

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_A_30_AR.22888, PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_E_30_AR.2838104