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Tenement house, currently an office and service building - Zabytek.pl

Tenement house, currently an office and service building


residential building Zielona Góra

Address
Zielona Góra, Pl. Pocztowy 16

Location
woj. lubuskie, pow. Zielona Góra, gm. Zielona Góra

The building in consideration, erected in 1901, is located at the verge of the north-western part of Pocztowy Square.

The corner building is located within a dense, one-sided development. It is a four-storey tenement house with a loft and a diversified architectural detail, built in an eclectic style. The presented feature is an important element in the spatial layout of Zielona Góra.

History

The process of development of individual zones and streets of the suburbs of Zielona Góra began as early as in the 14th century. The growing town needed land for residential, commercial, and craft development. The area where the said building is located evolved outside the defensive walls already in the 14th century. The quarter quickly developed as suburbs in the south-eastern part of the town chartered in the mid-13th century. The area was earmarked for a market place which was called Pottery Market due to products sold on it. It was delineated near a sheepskin route. Around the square, which was called later Post Square (Plac Pocztowy), plots for future buildings were demarcated. The growing suburbs needed good connection with the old market remaining within the city walls. For that reasons, in 1487, a city gate was built in the defensive walls and called New Gate (Nowa Brama). Currently, the remnant of the gate is formed by a tower called Hunger Tower (Wieża Głodowa), standing on Masarska Street. The buildings on Pocztowy Square were all the time related to trade and craftsmanship. Merchants, craftsmen, or winemakers had their houses there. The oldest two hotels: “Pod Czarnym Orłem” and “Pod Trzema Wzgórzami” were located there. All the buildings were shaped mainly in the second half of the 19th century and in early 20th century. The surviving buildings are mainly three- or four-storey tenement houses erected in the style of late Classicism, Historicism, and Art Nouveau.

Incomplete archival records on the tenement house described here have been preserved. Neither do we know the exact date of the building construction, nor the name of the designer or contractor. The tenement house was built in 1901 based on a design by master mason Friedrich Wenzl. It was built in the place of a former library and Grünberger Wochenblatt publishing house owned by U. Levysohn. The ground and first storey housed a multitrade store owned by Georg Wick and selling metal tools, construction materials, ovens and furniture. It was one of few buildings in Zielona Góra with large display windows on the first floor. Other storeys were used for residential rental purposes. In 1908, another owner of the building is mentioned in the sources, Ernst Tissen. In 1933, the building was owned by merchant Karl Schmerwitz from Gubin. At that time, the store with house appliances was run by Maria Stiller. Hostilities of the Second World War did not lead to major damage to the building. After the war, the local government took over ownership of the tenement house. On the ground floor, a clothing store was opened, and on the first floor, “Ermitaż” tailor workshop. The name caught on among the citizens and was kept by new tenants of the service premises. No major alterations have been made to the structure. In early 21st century, the building went into private hands. Approx. in 2002, the interior was renovated, roof cladding replaced, and external façade of the tenement house refreshed. The building has been adapted for contemporary gastronomic and office purposes. Currently, it houses, on the ground floor, a café and a watch workshop, and in the upper storeys, there are office premises. The structure is one of the most representative buildings in the city.

Description

The corner tenement house located at Pocztowy Square stands within dense one-sided development. It is located in the centre of Zielona Góra, to the south from the old town’s marketplace. Pocztowy Square is the quarter from which M. Kopernika and Drzewna Streets run towards east, W. Sikorskiego and A. Grottgera Streets run towards south, and Pod Filarami Street - runs towards north. Plac Pocztowy is a part of the strict monument protection zone.

The corner building is situated on a large plot and its front façade faces both frontages of Pod Filarami Street and Pocztowy Square. It was built on a quadrilateral floor plan with a chamfered corner. It was made of grey and red silicate brick which was also used to decorate the façades. A basement extends under the whole structure. The four-storey building with a loft is covered by a multi-pitched roof clad in ceramic roof tiles, accentuated by triangular gables of dormers. The chamfered corner is topped with a turret with a pyramid roof resting on stepped corbels. In the surface of the roof, there are numerous small windows allowing more light to the loft. The composition of the two lower storeys of the building’s front façade is formed by semi-circular arcades spanning between pilasters, in which large display windows are embedded. The pilasters of the display windows are adorned with metal decoration in the form of stylised foliate scrollwork. In the upper storeys, the façade is accentuated by profiled cornices, friezes, and strips made of red brick. Window openings are framed by brick, profiled surrounds with keystones, and rest on window sills and corbels. The entrance to the building is located on the southern, extreme axis of the façade. On the first floor, windows are enlivened with decorative panels. The ground floor is adorned with rustication and separated from the upper storeys with a profiled cornice with a decorative motif of rhombic frieze. The original door woodwork has partially survived in the building, renovated during refreshing works. On the ground floor, in the commercial part, there are surviving decorative metal stairs. The body of the building has been preserved in its original state without changes.

The tenement house is a monument owned privately. It houses service and office premises and is generally available.

compiled by Krzysztof Słowiński, Regional Branch of the National Heritage Board of Poland in Zielona Góra, 08-07-2015.

Bibliography

  • Studia na początkami i rozplanowaniem miast nad środkową Odrą i dolną Wartą, pod red. Zdzisława Kaczmarczyka i Andrzeja Wędzkiego, Zielona Góra 1970;
  • Stanisław Kowalski, Miasta Środkowego Nadodrza, Zbigniew Bujakiewicz, Krajobraz materialny i społeczny Zielonej Góry od końca XVIII do połowy XX wieku, Zielona Góra 2003;
  • Zielona Góra, Przeszłość i teraźniejszość, pod red. M Szczanieckiego, Poznań 1962;
  • Zabytki Zielonej Góry, pod red. B. Bielinis-Kopeć, Zielona Góra 2007;
  • W. Janowska, Zielona Góra. Wytyczne konserwatorskie do miejscowych planów zagospodarowania przestrzennego, Zielona Góra 2004;
  • Mirosław Kuleba, Topografia winiarska Zielonej, Zielona Góra 2010;
  • Historia Zielonej Góry. Dzieje miasta do końca XVIII wieku, tom I, pod red. Wojciecha Strzyżewskiego, Zielona Góra 2011;

Objects data updated by Andrzej Kwasik.

Category: residential building

Architecture: Eclecticism

Building material:  brick

Protection: Register of monuments, Monuments records

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_N_08_BK.34543, PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_E_08_BK.213097