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“Berny’s” burgher townhouse - Zabytek.pl

“Berny’s” burgher townhouse


tenement house Zamość

Address
Zamość, Stanisława Staszica 21

Location
woj. lubelskie, pow. Zamość, gm. Zamość

A unique example of burgher architecture from the 16th and 17th centuries, featuring a façade with Classicist features and a stone portal with late Renaissance and early Baroque decorations.

One of the first brick townhouses in Zamość. 

History

The townhouse was built around 1590 by Manuel Masapeta, a Greek. Between 1643 and 1645, Jakub Berny, the then owner, had the house remodelled by Jan Wolff. The townhouse was renovated at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. In 1817-1823, the façade was renovated. In 1827, the house was reconstructed after a fire. In the third quarter of the 19th century, the attic was removed and the second floor was added. Between 1919 and 1926, conservation works were undertaken, but their extent is unknown. Between 1934 and 1937, a major conservation project was carried out under the direction of T. Zaremba. Its primary aim was to restore the elevations and to secure the architectural details inside. Conservation works in 1956-57 revealed stucco surrounds of the openings on the second storey, as well as stone lintels. Between 1976 and 1977, the building underwent full-scale restoration. In 2006, the portal and the stone window surrounds were restored.

Description

The townhouse is situated at the centre of the Old Town, in the eastern part of the southern frontage of the Great Market Square. It is side-gabled. From the east, it adjoins the townhouse at No. 19 Staszica Street. From the west, it adjoins the at No. 23 Staszica Street. The house has an oriented structure, with the front elevation facing the market, towards the north. Set on a rectangular floor plan with a three-section arcade on the ground floor. It follows a two-bay and two-partite design, with a hallway on the axis. A part of the hallway is filled by a staircase. The layout of the ground floor is partly repeated on the 1st and 2nd floors. In the south-western corner of the yard, there is a one-storey annex connecting three townhouses: No. 21 Staszica Street, No. 23 Staszica Street and No. 20 Żeromskiego Street. The townhouse is made of bricks and covered with plaster. It has three storeys and cellars (there are no cellars only under the arcade and under a fragment of the staircase), covered with a gable roof with wall dormers (in the front elevation, they are covered with semi-circular roofs). The roof has sheet-metal cladding.

The front and rear elevations have three storeys. The north-facing front elevation is symmetrical, three-axial, supported on three arcades. The central arcade is additionally reinforced with buttresses placed next to the pillars. In the lower storey, there is a stone entrance portal with an arcade framed by Doric columns, with an entablature featuring a top richly decorated with cartouches and scrollwork. In the arch areas of the portal arcade, there are winged heads of angels. On both sides of the portal, there are two square-shaped window openings topped with rectangular surrounds with parapets. At the entrance portal, on the left, there is a fragment of a modest Renaissance door from the first phase of the construction of the townhouse. Between the first and the second stories, there are some remnants of a frieze. They include simple cornices that once bordered the frieze at the top and at the bottom. The window surrounds of the second storey comprise decorative side sections. At the top, the window surrounds turn into window headers. The windows of the third storey are smaller and enclosed with simple surrounds. The second storey is separated from the third by a simple cornice, whereas the third storey is topped with a profiled crowning cornice. The rear elevation opens onto a rectangular courtyard. It is two-axial, irregular, with a poorly articulated cornice between the second and the third storeys, with no crowning cornice. On the first storey, there is a large semi-circular arcade leading to the hallway and one square-like window opening. In the second storey, above the arcade, there is a loggia closed with a segmental arch, featuring a stone baluster railing. The colour of the second storey of the front elevation is dark sea green, of the third storey – light green and the cornices and details are white. The cellars and the ground floor are covered with vaults and a section ceiling on steel beams. The other storeys are covered with wooden ceilings. In the hallway on the ground floor, there are four stone portals. 

                                                                                                                                  

Access to the site is limited

compiled by Ewa Prusicka, Regional Branch Office of the National Institute of Cultural Heritage in Lublin, 26 November 2016.

Bibliography

  • Baranowska Z., Sygietyńska H., Kamienice rynku zamojskiego w XVII wieku /in:/ Zamość i Zamojszczyzna w dziejach i kulturze polskiej, Zamość 1969.
  • Czterysta lat Zamościa, J. Kowalczyk (ed.), Wrocław-Łódź 1983
  • Herbst S., Zamość, Warsaw 1954
  • Kędziora A., Dawna architektura i budownictwo Zamościa, Zamość 1990
  • Kowalczyk J., Zamość. Przewodnik, Warsaw 1975.
  • Pawlicki M. B., Kamienice mieszczańskie Zamościa. Problemy ochrony, Krakow 1999.
  • Zarębska T., Zamość – Miasto idealne i jego realizacja, /in:/ Zamość miasto idealne, ed. J. Kowalczyka, Lublin 1980 
  • Record sheet, Residential house, the so-called Berny’s townhouse, compiled by M. Kowalczyk, L. Lameński, 1997, Archives of the Voivodeship Office for the Protection of Historic Monuments in Lublin, Branch Office in Zamość and the Archives of the National Institute of Cultural Heritage in Warsaw.

     

Objects data updated by Andrzej Kwasik.

Category: tenement house

Architecture: Baroque

Building material:  brick

Protection: Register of monuments, Monuments records

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_N_06_BK.362, PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_E_06_BK.403253