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Castle ruins - Zabytek.pl

Castle ruins


castle 14th c. Biały Kościół

Address
Biały Kościół, Zamkowa

Location
woj. małopolskie, pow. krakowski, gm. Wielka Wieś

Preserved relics of a castle serving as a defensive aristocratic residence.

History

The castle is not mentioned in any written records. The hamlet of Biały Kościół the White Church appears for the first time in the Peter’s pence records from the years 1325-1327. In the 14th century, the village was owned by the Syrokomla family. The castle was their defensive residence. The decline of the fortified complex can be explained by a probable construction disaster, as a result of which the west and north parts of the perimeter wall collapsed. The Syrokomlas built another castle in the nearby hamlet of Korzkiew.

Description

The relics of a mediaeval castle can be seen within the boundaries of Wielka Wieś, formerly belonging to the hamlet of Biały Kościół. The castle was erected from the local limestone on the top of a hill (342 m a.s.l.). It clings to a steep slope falling westwards to the Kluczwoda River valley. As a result of excavation research (1993-1995), previously unknown fragments of the castle were revealed, which allowed the reconstruction of its original layout. The basic element of the castle was a 1.2-1.3 m thick perimeter wall running along the edges of the flattened hill top. The entrance opening was located in the central part of the east section of the wall. The main residential building was a keep of 3.3 by 3.95 m, erected in the north-east corner of the castle. It probably had two or three levels. The central part of the castle had a narrow wing touching the perimeter wall. Stone steps were used as a link between the lower, south part of the castle and the higher north section. The existence of internal development of the north-west part of the castle, adjacent to the tower, is not very clear. Most probably, it was primarily wooden buildings. At the foot of the rock, on the east side, the remains of an earth embankment and a nearby moat were exposed. Judging by the discovered items, the construction of the castle can be dated to the end of the first quarter of the 14th century; it was no longer used at the beginning of the second half of that century. In 1996 the relics of the castle were secured and adapted for sightseeing.

The site is accessible all year round.

Author of the note Stanisław Kołodziejski, Regional Branch of the National Institute of Cultural Heritage in Kraków 26.10.2014

Bibliography

  • Kołodziejski S., Zamek w Białym Kościele, “Teki Krakowskie”, vol. II, 1995, pp. 89-100.
  • Kajzer L., S. Kołodziejski S., J. Salm J., Leksykon zamków w Polsce, Warszawa 2001, p. 538.

Objects data updated by Pavel Komárek.

Category: castle

Architecture: nieznana

Building material:  brick

Protection: Register of monuments, Monuments records

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_N_12_BK.195109, PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_E_12_BK.399819