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Hillfort - Zabytek.pl

Address
Weklice

Location
woj. warmińsko-mazurskie, pow. elbląski, gm. Elbląg

Example of monumental, early medieval, highland-promontory, multi-section defensive complex with elaborated system of fortifications constituting an element of the hillfort complex in Weklice.

Location and description

The hillfort is located in Wysoczyzna Elbląska, approx. 1.5 km to the  North-West from Weklice village, on the extremely defensive, high, forested promontory situated between two nameless streams. Hillfort is a  three-section complex. The oldest section consists of a regular square surrounded by two ramparts and two moats. To the north-west from the  original complex there is its second section protected from the north by a transverse rampart and two small moats shutting off the promontory from the massif of Wysoczyzna Elbląska. The third part of the complex is located on the southern end of the promontory.

History

The Prussian hill fort is known in the local tradition as Schwedenschanze. Based on archaeological surveys carried out in 1925 three phases of use of the hillfort were identified: I - to ca. 1235, II  - 1235-1260/1275, III - period after the second Prussian uprising. The  functioning at this place of a formed Prussian hillfort was documented in the chronicle of Piotr from Dusburg, who mentions Castrum Weklitze.

Condition and results of archaeological research

First excavations were conducted in 1925 by M. Ebert and B.Ehrlich and to a large extent referred to the main, oldest part of the defensive complex. Then the remains of the sandwich structure of the rampart was discovered, which burnt in fire along with other homesteads. On the  external part of the rampart the remains of the stone wall and burnt defensive tower were found. In 1982 Antoni Pawłowski carried out another survey in the hillfort in Weklice, which focused on its first and third section. On the maidan of hillfort of the main part of the complex cobblestones were discovered. Lack of mobile historic material or remains of any buildings suggests that after conquering the hillfort by the Teutonic Order, all of the remains after Prussians, its original constructors and users, were removed, and the surface of maidan was covered with cobblestones.

Limited access to the monument, mainly due to its location within the  area of a large forest complex, with characteristic considerable denivelations and deprived of marked communication routes, which to a  large extent hampers a correct location of the site.

Compiled by Hanna Mackiewicz, Regional Branch of the National Heritage Board of Poland in Olsztyn, 15.10.2014.

Bibliography

  • Jagodzinski M. F., Archeologiczne ślady osadnictwa miedzy Wisłą, a Pasłęką we wczesnym średniowieczu, Warszawa 1997, s. 79 - 80.
  • Jagodziński M., Wyniki badań archeologicznych grodzisk w Myślęcinie, Kwietniewie i Weklicach, [w:] Archaeologica Hsereditas. Grodziska Warmii i Mazur 1. Stan wiedzy i perspektywy badawcze, red. Z. Kobyliński, Warszawa - Zielona Góra 2013, s. 181-203.

Category: hillfort

Protection: Register of monuments, Monuments records

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_A_28_AR.37652, PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_E_28_AR.704078