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The burial mound - Zabytek.pl

Address
Teptiuków

Location
woj. lubelskie, pow. hrubieszowski, gm. Hrubieszów

An example of one of the very few preserved early medieval earthen barrows (burial mounds) in the Lublin region which have been thoroughly examined by archaeologists.

What makes it different from other mounds is its location at the top of a raised area of land, its large size and fairly good state of preservation.

Location and description

The tumulus, known locally as “Księżycowa Mogiła” (The Moon Barrow) is located at the south-eastern edge of the village, in the Bug river valley, at a distance of approx. 200 metres west of the river and about 800 metres north from the hillfort in Gródek Nadużny when calculated in a straight line. The burial mound is located by a local, unpaved road, in an area which is slightly elevated above the rest of the valley.

The barrow is clearly discernible in the surrounding terrain. Despite the fact that half of the mound has been destroyed in the course of archaeological research, it still forms an interesting part of the surrounding landscape. The height of the remaining part of the mound is about 4.5 metres. The mound is oval in shape, its dimensions being 22.5 x 27.5 metres. Both the mound itself and the area of a few metres around it are currently disused and overgrown with grass.

History

The mound is believed to originate from the early Middle Ages. In older literature, the burial mound in Teptiuków is referred to as being located in the village of Husynne.

Condition and results of archaeological research

The excavation research on the site were performed in 1954 by Kazimierz Żurowski and Gabriela Mikołajczyk, representing the Historical Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw.

Surface surveys of the site within the framework of the ‘Archaeological Picture of Poland’ project were carried out by Andrzej Kokowski and Sławomir Jastrzębski in 1984. In the course of these surveys, the site was erroneously reported as being located in the village of Husynne. Today, the location data of the burial mound has been updated to reflect its actual location, i.e. the village of Teptiuków. The tumulus is situated on lot no. 372, the owner of which is the Agricultural Production Cooperative (RSP) in Husynne.

The location and height plan of the site was drawn up by Jan Niedźwiedź and A. Medak in 1991.

In the course of excavation works, half of the burial mound has been examined; two opposite quarters of the mound - the north-eastern one and the south-western one - have been covered by the research programme. As a result, it has been determined that the natural soil layers of the mound are all horizontal from top to bottom, sometimes taking on a slightly undulating shape. The tumulus was built directly on an early medieval cultural layer. The initial diameter of the mound was 27 metres, with its height - more than 5 metres - being much greater than it is today. No traces of a skeletal burial or burial of cremated remains have been identified; at the depth of 1.45 - 1.47 metres from the top of the mounds (i.e. about 3.5 metres above the bottom of the earthen structure), traces of a large pyre have been found, its diameter being about six metres. On the surface of the pyre, charcoal and small, charred bones (about 70 in total) have been found. It remains uncertain whether the bones originally belonged to a human being or to some kind of animal. Large quantities of moveable artefacts from have been found inside the earthen structure, with the earliest items dating back to the neolithic period, while the most recent ones originate from the early Middle Ages. This proves that the tumulus was erected in the early Middle Ages on the site of a much older settlement. The most intriguing moveable artefacts from the period in question are the fragment of an iron clasp from the period when the area was still under Roman influence as well as a number of early medieval artefacts: two whetstone, four lime spindle whorls preserved in their entirety as well as one of which only a half has survived, 35 iron objects, including 5 arrowheads, one 7th-century spur, seven knives, metal fittings from a boot, a hasp, a round buckle with a broken prong, a fragment of an axe butt, a prong of a small buckle, three awls, four pieces of a hoop originally forming part of a wooden vessel, four pieces of bars with a quadrangular cross-section, a round wire with a square, tapering end, an ard plough as well as bone items in the form of 14 chisels.

Unlimited access to the historic site. The burial mound is easily visible from the unpaved road open to general public.

compiled by Ewa Prusicka, Regional Branch of the National Heritage Board of Poland in Lublin, 21-11-2015.

Bibliography

  • Żurowski K., Mikołajczyk G., Sprawozdanie z badań kurhanu we wsi Husynne w pow. hrubieszowskim w 1954 r., “Sprawozdania Archeologiczne”, vol. 1: 1955 , pp. 251-267.
  • Nosek S., Materiały do badań nad historią starożytną i wczesnośredniowieczną międzyrzecza Wisły i Bugu, “Annales UMCS, vol. VI, sec. F, 1951 (1957), p. 369
  • Niedźwiedż E., Niedźwiedź J., Panasiewicz J., Kalisz J., Dzieje miejscowości gminy Hrubieszów, powiat hrubieszowski, Hrubieszów-Zamość 2010, pp. 87-88.
  • Prusicka-Kołcon E., Niedźwiedź J., Inwentaryzacja kurhanów powiatu hrubieszowskiego, Zamość 2006, s. 24-27 (documentation available at the archive of the Regional Monuments Protection Office in Lublin, Zamość branch).

Category: sepulchral site

Protection: Register of monuments, Monuments records

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_A_06_AR.1243, PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_E_06_AR.2052536