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Palace and park complex - Zabytek.pl

Palace and park complex


palace Poznań

Address
Poznań, Podbiałowa 24

Location
woj. wielkopolskie, pow. Poznań, gm. Poznań

The palace in Radojewo was originally erected in the early 19th century for the von Treskow family, the owners of the nearby village of Owińska; it is believed that its design is the work of an eminent German architect, Karl Friedrich Schinkel.

The palace is surrounded by a park which was transformed during the 1840s into a Romantic landscape garden with artificial ruins and a small cemetery earmarked for the members of the family; it is suspected that the designer of this new, 19th-century incarnation of the park might have been Peter Joseph Lenné.

History

The earliest known mentions of the village of Radojewo date back to the mid- 13th century, when the village was donated to the Cistercian nuns from the nearby village of Owińska, in whose hands it would remain right until the end of the 18th century, when the monastic estate was confiscated and the village subsequently put up for sale. In 1797, both Radojewo and Owińska were purchased by the German family of von Treskow. Radojewo first became the property of Sigismund Otto Joseph von Treskow and was then inherited by the subsequent members of his family right until 1945.

The palace is believed to have been erected in the early 19th century for the first owner of Radojewo and Owińska as a hunting palace; its designer is believed to have been the renowned architect Karl Friedrich Schinkel, who might also have been the author of the design for the von Treskow family residence in Owińska. The Radojewo palace was designed on an H-shaped floor plan, with the entire structure being covered with a gable roof. Up front, at the second-storey level between the side wings of the palace, a terrace supported by two pairs of columns rose above the entrance to the building.

In 1826, the Radojewo manor was inherited by Heinrch Baltazar, the son of Sigismund Otto, who subsequently made it his country home. The palace was extended slightly in the 1840s, receiving its current shape which has changed only slightly during the modernisation works performed towards the end of the 19th century.

Alteration works performed in the 1840s also extended to the surrounding park. Some researchers believe that the man responsible for the redesign of the park was Peter Joseph Lenné. It was at that time that the Romantic landscape garden came to life, with its two dominant features in the form of the Crucifix Hill, originally topped with a large crucifix, and the Castle Hill with its artificial ruins. A von Treskow family cemetery was also established inside the park.

After World War II came to an end, the palace was taken over by the State Treasury, while the surrounding parkland came into the hands of the State Forest Administration. In 1987, the area of the former Radojewo village was incorporated into the city of Poznań. Today, the palace remains the property of the commune and remains disused, while the park, currently known as the Radojewo Landscape Park, remains in the hands of the State Forest Administration.

Description

The palace and park complex is located in the northern part of the city, in the historical area of the former Radojewo village. The palace can be found on the western edge of the Radojewo Landscape Park, its front façade facing north. Initially, the palace was positioned in a view corridor that connected it visually with the von Treskow family mansion in the nearby village of Owińska - a view corridor which has since become obscured.

The building, designed on an H-shaped floor plan, consisted of the corps de logis and the adjoining side wings positioned perpendicularly towards the main section, with each section of the palace covered with a separate gable roof. The original design of the palace was reminiscent of Classicist architecture. During the 1840s, however, the palace was redesigned, its new floor plan being rectangular in shape. The palace is a cuboid structure made of brick, its walls covered with plaster, with a cellar underneath a part of the building. The entire palace is covered with a clipped-gable roof which has utterly changed the appearance and nature of the original design; as a result, the building is now more akin to a manor house than to a typical palace.

The front façade and the corresponding rear façade both follow a two-storey, seven-axial layout and are topped with a stepped crowning cornice. The lower, rusticated level is separated from the upper storey by a narrow, simple string course. The three middle axes of the lower level of the façade are pierced with rectangular openings, forming a recessed portico with four pillars; originally, there used to be an open terrace at the second-floor level, but it was subsequently converted into an enclosed structure. A hexagonal panel can be seen above the middle opening; it is believed that this panel might have originally incorporated the coat of arms of the owners of the palace. The three middle axes of the rear façade take the form of a shallow avant-corps. The side façades follow an analogous design, featuring three storeys separated by cornices, with rustication applied to the lowermost part, paired rectangular windows and small skylights in the attic.

The interior of the palace used to be divided into a residential section located on the ground floor level as well as a representational section with a ball room, located on the first floor. In general, the interiors follow a two-bay layout. The surviving original fixtures and fittings include some of the period woodwork (decorative parquet flooring, doors, balustrade in the staircase) as well as a number of decorative fireplace mantlepieces.

The palace is surrounded by a park with a surface area of approximately 15 hectares; during the 1840s, the park was redesigned, becoming a Romantic landscape garden with three main alleys and two ponds separated by a causeway. The centrepieces of the entire design were the Crucifix Hill, which originally had a large crucifix standing at the top, and the Castle Hill, featuring an artificial ruin of which only a single brick wall now remains - a wall which used to form part of a now-vanished tower. A small cemetery of the von Treskow family has also survived in the park; without proper care, the ancient headstones are slowly beginning to crumble. The dominant species of trees in the park are pedunculate oaks, common ashes, black locusts and lindens.

Limited access to the historical monument. The building can only be viewed from the outside.

compiled by Anna Dyszkant, Regional Branch of the National Heritage Board of Poland in Poznan, 24-06-2015.

Bibliography

  • Libicki M., Libicki P., Dwory i pałace wiejskie w Wielkopolsce, Poznań 2003, s. 292.
  • Majątki wielkopolskie, t. VIII, Miasto Poznań, red. J. Goszczyńska, Szreniawa 2004.
  • Materiały do dziejów rezydencji w Polsce, pod red. T. S. Jaroszewskiego, Województwo poznańskie, t. I, opr. M. Strzałko, red. nauk. J. Skuratowicza, Warszawa 1991, s. 147-154

Category: palace

Architecture: nieznana

Building material:  brick

Protection: Register of monuments, Monuments records

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_N_30_BK.164398, PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_E_30_BK.147554