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Lanckoroński townhouse - Zabytek.pl

Lanckoroński townhouse


tenement house 1st half of the 14th c. Kraków

Address
Kraków, Rynek Główny 21

Location
woj. małopolskie, pow. Kraków, gm. Kraków

A mediaeval house with an unusual development history: first, the rear section of the plot was built up and later the front part.

History

The townhouse was erected in the first half of the 14th century; however, its rear part, as part of the property at ul. Bracka 3/5, had already been there after the mid-13th century. After the incorporation of the town, a residential tower was erected, which is attributed the functions of the first town hall and the seat of the community head. After merging the two part, the building interior was laid out as in a standard townhouse.

The first known owners were the Karnowskis and then Jan Kisling the Younger (1501), who paid the rent to the town. In the first half of the 16th century, the house went into the hands of the Glajwicz (or Glacz) family, watchmakers from Nuremberg. Jan Glajwicz, a magistrate, owned the house in the years 1546-1551. In the following years, the building, rebuilt in the second half of the 16th and the first half of the 17th century, belonged to the Hozjusz family (Stanisław Hozjusz, the future bishop of Warmia and primate of Poland, was supposedly born here). In that period, the house was transformed into a patrician residence with an early Baroque single-level arcaded gallery in the courtyard. In the years 1656-1657, the Swedish general, Paweł Wirtz, resided in the house during the Swedish occupation of Kraków. In 1674 the property was purchased by W. Morsztyn. Ca. 1688 there was another alteration, during which the impressive portal with the figures of the Evangelists was installed. Besides, he a chapel was arranged inside, the ceilings were replaced, and wall paintings with mythological motifs were commissioned. In the second half of the 18th century, the house was held by the Lanckoroński family. They launched a classicist reconstruction before 1789 (the gallery on the west side of the courtyard, minor changes to the façade, the portal with the Zadora coat of arms). At the end of the 18th century, the commander of the Russian army occupying Kraków was quartered in the building. In 1818 Antoni Lanckoroński sold the property to Antoni Holzl (or Helcl). At that time, the popular Taroni confectionery moved in to the ground floor. The house was damaged in the 1850 fire of Kraków but was rebuilt by the new owner, Antoni Wojczyński, according to the design by Kajetan Szydłowski (the major changes included vertical extension by the 3rd floor). In the years 1902-1905, the annexes and arcaded galleries were pulled down, and another house was erected at ul. Bracka 1a. In 1907 part of it was converted to accommodate the seat of the Galicia Mortgage Bank (according to the design by Jan Peroś). The first-floor vestibule and store were transformed into the main dealing room with modernist decoration. Part of the building was still taken up by apartments (Władysław Orkan died here in 1930). Further alterations to the ground floor were made after 1980.

Description

A three-storey house with the façades facing Rynek Główny and ul. Bracka. The four-axis (Rynek) and six-axis (Bracka) façades are decorated with pilasters. The traces of the Lanckoroński family’s activity are seen in the remains of the chapel on the first floor (stucco and wall paintings); the chapel survived until the 19th century. The brick rear annexe was built in the 14th or 15th century, while the wooden outbuildings in the south-west part of the plot were built in the 1830s (later replaced with a brick structure). An early Baroque gallery was reconstructed on the ground floor, and the first-floor ceilings were exposed. The portal with the Zadora coat of arms was transferred to the National Museum.

The site is partly available: freely from the outside but inside only during the working hours of the stores and institutions.

Author of the note Roman Marcinek, Regional Branch of the National Institute of Cultural Heritage in Kraków 20/04/2016

Bibliography

  • Dyba O., Kraków. Zabytki architektury i budownictwa, Warszawa 2007
  • Encyklopedia Krakowa, Warszawa – Kraków 2000.
  • Fabiański M., Purchla J., Historia architektury Krakowa w zarysie, Kraków 2001
  • Komorowski W., Sudacka A., Rynek Główny w Krakowie, Ossolineum 2008
  • Rożek M., Przewodnik po zabytkach i kulturze Krakowa, Kraków 1993
  • Marcinek R., Kraków, Kraków 2001

Category: tenement house

Architecture: nieznana

Building material:  brick

Protection: Register of monuments, Monuments records

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_N_12_BK.194342, PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_E_12_BK.423114