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The arrangement of alleys in the area of the Military Unit - Zabytek.pl

The arrangement of alleys in the area of the Military Unit


avenue Komorowo

Address
Komorowo

Location
woj. mazowieckie, pow. ostrowski, gm. Ostrów Mazowiecka

The feature has a regional value; sculptures along the alleys were crafted by a sculptor Wojciech Aleksander Durek.

History

A complex of barracks in Komorowo was established in the years 1888-1891 for Russian troops. In 1926 the School of Infantry Cadets, which functioned until 1939, was relocated here from Warsaw. In the years 1926-1930 the barracks were expanded, thus being adapted to the needs of the school. In 1930, upon initiative of Maksymilian Milan-Kamski, the Committee for the Celebration of 100th Anniversary of the November Uprising was established. It initiated the construction of a mausoleum of the school graduates who died fighting for independence and the construction of Marshal Józef Piłsudski’s monument. This idea gained momentum by initiative of a commander of the School of Infantry Cadets, Colonel Ludwik Bociański, whose efforts in the years 1932-1934 resulted in the erection of monuments of kings, hetmans and commanders of the November Uprising. Monuments of Polish national heroes were created by Wojciech Aleksander Durek and Antoni Żurakowski. After the September Campaign of 1939 the barracks were taken over by the German army. In 1944 the retreating Germans burned down the majority of barracks facilities. Monuments survived the fire. In 1944 the Russian troops destroyed the monument of Stefan Bathory and the monument of Rev. Bishop Władysław Bandurski, which was rebuilt in 2003.

Description

The military unit is located in the north-western part of Ostrów Mazowiecka. The unit’s area is partitioned by a run-through road, running in the south-eastern and north-western direction. Alley of I Battalion of the Infantry School and Alley of II Battalion of the Infantry School with monuments are located on the southern side of this road. Both run along the north-south axis. The Alley of I Battalion is located in the eastern part of the unit, close to the entrance to the military area. An undeveloped green area stretches on its eastern side. The area where a currently non-existent residence and barracks building once stood is located on its western side. Currently, the area is occupied by a yard with an asphalt surface. In the background, there is a contemporary boiler house, accessible by a road that forms an extension of the alley. Alley of II Battalion is located in the central part of the unit. It runs between brick barracks buildings. In the background, behind the monument of Bolesław Chrobry in the south, there is a green area behind which a forest part of the garrison is found; on the south-western side, in the background, there is a garrison church. Both alleys run perpendicularly to the main road running across the military unit, parallel to each other, separated by barracks development and an internal road. Alley of I Battalion is planted with two rows of spruces. Monuments are located behind the external row of trees, in a regular, axial arrangement: three on the eastern side and three on the western side of the alley. Monuments present commanders of the November Uprising. On the western side they include: monument of Major General Józef Dwernicki - the first one on the main road’s side, followed by monuments of General Grzegorz Józef Chłopicki and Brigadier General Józef Longin Sowiński; on the eastern side, they include: monument of General Ignacy Prądzyński and General Wojciech Chrzanowski - the first ones on the main road’s side, followed by monuments of Brigadier General Józef Bem and Major Walerian Łukasiński. The monuments were made of reinforced concrete. Single figures and groups of figures with a supernatural size stand on a low plinth. They form compact, artistically expressive and formally dynamic figurative groups. The monument of the school’s patron, Piotr Wysocki, is located along the axis of the alley, in the south, as its culmination point. Its three-sided plinth, with a figure placed in the middle on a pedestal, terminates the alley in terms of composition and view. Single birches grow behind the monument. In front of the monument, the road diverges towards the west, east and south. The alley has a surface of cobblestones, covered with asphalt along the section between the main road and the monument. Further, the road is unpaved. Alley of II Battalion is planted with various species of trees: chestnuts, birches and robinias growing in two rows. Monuments are located behind the internal row of trees, in a regular arrangement. The monuments present kings and hetmans. On the western side there are three monuments (Stefan Bathory’s monument has not been reconstructed), while on the eastern side - four. On the western side, they include: a monument of Hetman Karol Chodkiewicz - the first one at the main road, followed by monuments of Władysław II Jagiełło and Hetman Jan Tarnowski. On the eastern side, they include: a monument of Field Hetman of the Crown Stefan Czarniecki - the first one as seen from the main road, followed by monuments of Władysław I the Elbow High, John III Sobieski, Hetman and Chancellor of the Crown Stefan Żółkiewski. The monument of Bolesław I the Brave is located on the axis of the alley, in the south, as a culmination point. Its semi-circular plinth, with a figure of the king placed on a pedestal, is a terminating vista of the alley in terms of composition and view. The alley’s surface is made of cobblestones, covered with asphalt and including a concrete pavement on the eastern side. A pavement made of hexagonal paving slabs leads to every monument.

The structure is open to visitors throughout the year, upon agreement of the commanders of the military unit.

Compiled by Katarzyna Kosior, Regional Branch of the National Heritage Board of Poland in Warsaw, 03-11-2014.

Bibliography

  • Katalog Zabytków Sztuki w Polsce, Tom X Województwo Warszawskie, zeszyt 12 powiat ostrowsko - mazowiecki, Instytut Sztuki PAN, Warszawa 1974.
  • J. Żabicki, Leksykon zabytków architektury Mazowsza i Podlasia, Arkady, Warszawa 2010.

Category: avenue

Architecture: nieznana

Protection: Register of monuments, Monuments records

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_N_14_ZZ.104799, PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_E_14_ZZ.30012