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Manor house complex - Zabytek.pl

Manor house complex


manor house Kombornia

Address
Kombornia

Location
woj. podkarpackie, pow. krośnieński, gm. Korczyna

An example of a manor complex with an extensive spatial programme, belonging to the largest and best-preserved manor complexes in the Subcarpathia.

Its uniqueness results from a beautiful, harmonious body of the manor house with an accompanying chapel and a relatively well-preserved utility part and the park.

History

The beginnings of the manor complex in Kombornia date back to the 15th century. The first owners were the Krzemieniecki family, followed by Boner, Firlej and Urbański families. The latter initiated the construction of the manor house in the second half of the 18th century. In the first quarter of the 19th century the manor house was altered and obtained the form preserved to our times, while in 1890 it was expanded by a chapel and an outbuilding. Buildings belonging to the manor complex: a granary, stables and a living quarter were erected in the 19th century. In 1945 the manor complex was taken over by the State Treasury and slowly began to dilapidate. The manor house served as a warehouse; it was finally renovated in the years 1979-1988 after being taken over by the Medical Academy in Cracow and adapted to serve as creative work centre. At that time, the revalorisation of the manor house began as well. Other buildings, taken over in a dire state by a private owner are gradually renovated and adapted to new functions of a hotel and training centre.

Description

The manor complex is situated in the southern part of the town, in a valley. Its area amounts to over 12 ha.

Buildings are located in the northern part of the complex. The former manor farm is separated by road. The manor house with an outbuilding and a chapel is surrounded by a vast park with ponds.

The manor house with an outbuilding and a chapel is a group of interconnected buildings, situated in the north-western part of the complex. The main corpus of the building is a Classicist manor built on a rectangular floor plan with corner extensions on the sides. It has one storey, a basement and a usable attic covered by a mansard roof and three-sloped roofs over the corner extensions. The body is broken at the front by a recessed portico resting on four columns and four masonry pillars. It is surmounted by an attic, along the building’s axis, covered with a gable roof and two small dormers with semi-circular roofs on both sides of the attic. At the rear, there is a porch with a terrace resting on columns; above, there is an attic and dormers analogical to the ones at the front. The manor house is made of brick and stones (basement and columns). It is covered with ceramic roof tiles.

The front façade has eleven axes and features a seven-bay recessed portico along the axis, with arcades stretching on four brick pillars in the middle and stone, Tuscan columns on the sides. Along the axis there are dormers. On the gable there is a small window; below, there are three windows. Corners of dormers are articulated by pilasters, while the entire facade is crowned by an elaborate cornice.

The rear, garden façade has nine axes and features a three-axis dormer with a round window on the gable, pilasters on corners, a cornice and an exit to a terrace resting on four Tuscan columns of the porch.

The north façade has four axes, while the south façade is partially obscured by an annex - only two windows on the ground floor and visible. Window and door openings are rectangular and include woodwork. The entire building is circumscribed by a relatively deep cornice below the eaves and a stone plinth made of sandstone blocks. The interior layout has three bays. The rooms connected via enfilade and include a preserved, partially reconstructed painted decorations from the 19th century and three Classicist fireplaces made of stone.

The body of a two-storey outbuilding, connected to the manor house, was erected on a rectangular floor plan and is covered with a hip roof. It is positioned transversely to the manor house and linked to it by means of a connection. It was made of brick, while its basements are stone-made. The roof is covered with ceramic roof tiles. The front, north façade has five axes with an entrance and a balcony above, along the central axis. The west façade has three axes and includes niches along the central axis. The south façade, originally four-axis one, is partially obscured by contemporary annexes. Corners of the building are accentuated by rustication. The plane of walls on the ground floor is diversified by strips in plasterwork. Storeys are partitioned by a simple cornice and crowned with a more elaborate string course. The plane of walls on the ground floor is diversified by an imitation of rustication in plasterwork. Windows are embellished with surrounds with a keystone. The interior is secondarily partitioned in order to adapt it to a new function.

A pyramid-shaped chapel, erected on a regular octagonal floor plan and covered with a dome with a lantern, adjoins the western wall of the outbuilding. Both are functionally linked and stylistically homogenous. It is made of brick, while its basements are made of stone. Its roof is clad with ceramic tiles. It features plain plasterwork on façades, braced on corners by rustication and diversified on the ground floor by an imitation of rustication in the plane of walls. Rectangular windows terminating in semi-circles are arranged on the east and west façade on two levels and only on one level on the south façade. At the top, the entire body is circumscribed by a string course. It houses a single-bay, two-storey tall interior topped with a dome. The body has a basement underneath.

The granary is located in the middle of the complex, on the lowering of the terrain, and is surrounded by park trees. It was set on a rectangular floor plan and features a cuboidal body covered with a gable roof. It is made of brick and stone and is currently undergoing monument preservation works, therefore, it is devoid of a roof, plasterwork and fragments of walls. Traces of reconstructions are visible on the walls. The interior has a two-bay arrangement of rooms. Vaults have survived on the ground floor.

The manor farm outbuilding, the co-called living quarter, is located in the northern, utility component part of the complex. It was set on a rectangular floor plan, with a cuboidal body covered with a gable roof. It was made of brick and stone and its roof is clad with ceramic roof tiles.

Stables are located in the northern part of the complex, in the immediate vicinity of the manor farm outbuilding. They were erected on an elongated rectangular floor plan with a small transverse part in the west and three shallow avant-corps in the south. A cuboidal, one-storey body is covered with gable roofs over corpus and transverse part and over avant-corps. The building was made of brick and the roof was clad with ceramic tiles.

Façades are partitioned by brick pillars and rafters forming frame partitions that include rhythmically arranged window and door openings. The front façade is accentuated by three avant-corps, on gables of which shallow, contemporary balconies and round windows were placed on the sides. Other window openings are rectangular, terminate in semi-circles and are articulated by brick window headers. Woodwork is contemporary. The building has recently been adapted to a conference centre.

The landscape park was planned in the 19th century on previous gardens. A hydrological system with a water parterre in the form of three ponds, a parade levee and old tree stands, among others, oak forests and wooded gazebos, have survived.

The buildings and the park are accessible. They are used as a conference centre with a hotel.

compiled by Barbara Potera, Regional Branch of the National Heritage Board of Poland in Rzeszow, 22-09-2014.

Bibliography

  • Polanowski S. Pozostałości założeń dworskich województwa podkarpackiego, Krosno 2012, s.185, 186
  • Libicki P., Dwory i pałace wiejskie w Małopolsce i na Podkarpaciu, Poznań 2012, s.536, 537
  • Piorecki J., Ogrody i parki województwa krośnieńskiego, Bolestraszyce 1998, s. 120, 121
  • Karty ewidencyjne zabytków architektury i budownictwa, tzw. białe, do obiektów: dwór, spichlerz, autor: M. Czuba, 1994, archiwum UOZ Krosno

Category: manor house

Protection: Register of monuments

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_N_18_ZE.26561