“The manor on the mound” emphasized the social status of the owner and protected him from local armed conflicts.

History

The hillfort was used in the late Middle Ages, from the mid- 14th century until the end of the 15th century.

In the Middle Ages the village of Karmin belonged to private owners. The construction and use of the hillfort can be associated with the Karmiński family. The village appeared in written sources in 1395 as the property of Woythek de Carmino. Built on a mound in the mid-14th century, the wooden mansion burned down in the late 15th century.

Description of the structure 

Location of the historic structure. The settlement is located about 1800 m south of the village of Karmin, southeast of the village of Karminek, on the eastern bank of the Lutynia River, among wet meadows.

Description of the site. The object was entered into the register of historic monuments as a “manor mound (the so-called motte-and-bailey castle)”. It is an earthen structure about 3.5 m high with a base about 32 m in diameter. Its northern part is destroyed. The mound is surrounded by a moat (poorly legible today), 5-7 meters wide, which is connected with an unnamed stream, a tributary of the Lutynia River. The site is overgrown with trees and shrubs.

Progress and findings of archaeological research. In 1934 W. Kowalenko, A. Mańkowski and E. Morawski conducted a survey research in the settlement, establishing a 2 x 0.75 m trench in the western part of the site. The researchers found that the top of the mound was covered by a layer of clay from further away. Underneath the clay was a layer of sand, and below that was a layer of anthropogenic deposits with pugging material, charcoal, animal bones, and ceramic material. Another examination of the settlement was conducted in 1986. (M. Głosek, L. Kajzer, A. Wójcik). The researchers drilled 6 boreholes and a 2 x 1 m probe trench. At that time, the relics of wooden buildings damaged by fire were discovered. In the literature, the site functions as Karminek.   

Visitor access. State property - the site can be viewed from outside.                         

Author of the note: Barbara Iwanicka – Pinkosz, the National Institute of Cultural Heritage in Poznań, Regional Branch in Trzebiny, 28.05.2018

Bibliography

• Tomala J., Budownictwo obronne powiatu kaliskiego w XIV – XVIII wieku, Poznań 1995, p. 113