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Manor house of the Mokronoski family, the so-called “House of Skarbek” with fittings and surroundings - Zabytek.pl

Manor house of the Mokronoski family, the so-called “House of Skarbek” with fittings and surroundings


manor house Grodzisk Mazowiecki

Address
Grodzisk Mazowiecki, gen. L. Okulickiego 8

Location
woj. mazowieckie, pow. grodziski, gm. Grodzisk Mazowiecki - miasto

The manor house of the Mokronoski family is considered the most valuable historical building in Grodzisk Mazowiecki.

It is evidence of the non-existent residential complex of the former owners of the estate of Grodzisk. Its exceptional value stems from preserved elements of fittings, especially painted decorations by Jan Bogumił Plersch, the court painter of king Stanisław August Poniatowski.

History

The manor house was erected in the second half of the 18th century for the Mokronoski family, the owners of the Jordanowice and Grodzisk estates since the 17th century. The new residence was probably erected on the foundations of a sixteenth-century residence that previously belonged to the owners of the Okuniów estate. The initiator of the conversion of the manor house in the 18th century was Andrzej Mokronoski (a general, a Sejm deputy, the Marshal of the Confederation and the Marshal of the Sejm, the Voivode of Mazovia). Izabella, king Stanisław August Poniatowski’s sister, whose first husband was Jan Klemens Branicki, was his second wife. It is believed that Jan Sękowski, the court architect of the Branicki family, was the author of the conversion of the manor house in Jordanowice. He might have based his design on the 1761 designs by Charles Pierre Coustou. It is certain that in 1782 Jan Bogumił Plersch began to work on the painted decorations of the manor house. Presumably, there were also other painters working there. Antoni Herliczka was recognised as the author of part of a fresco in one of the rooms. Construction works were not completed. They were probably interrupted by the death of the founder in 1784. The manor house was situated on a low hill and enclosed with an immense park. In the park, there were also two outbuildings, storehouses, an orangery and a stable. The estate belonged to the Mokronoski family until 1869, when it was bought by count Henryk Skarbek who parcelled it out and transformed into a resort. In 1911, his heirs sold the remains of the estate to Józef Jemiołkowski who in turn sold the manor house and the park to Paweł Smoleński in 1920. The manor house survived World War II, yet numerous refugees who had lived there introduced additional partitions of the interior. In 1953, the heirs of the last owner of the estate were expropriated. The manor house was used by the Regional Directorate of Vocational Education. By 1956, the building and frescos underwent a full-scale renovation and then the Regional Museum of the Polish Tourist and Sightseeing Society (PTTK) was placed inside. In the 1960s, a transit road was built in the immediate vicinity, to the west of the historic building. In 1972-74, the building and frescos underwent another renovation. The tree stand surrounding the manor house was devastated and the remains of the residential buildings were destroyed. In 1976, the survived storehouse was demolished and the construction of a housing estate began in the area of the park. In the 1990s, the manor house belonged to a private owner who brought it to ruin. The building was taken over by the municipality and underwent a full-scale renovation that started in 1999. A team of conservation artists under the guidance of Anna Dorota Potocka undertook the mission to save priceless frescos. In 2004, a State Music School was located in the manor house.

Description

The manor house, incorporating elements of the Baroque and classical architecture, is situated on the eastern side of Gen. L. Okulickiego Street, on a small wooded plot, limited on the south by Parkowa Street, which was probably a garden path once. In front of the south entrance, there are two preserved old limes. The building is surrounded by urban buildings erected in the area of the former park complex. Golian’s Ponds to the west and Town Park to the north of the building are remains of that complex. The building, made of brick and plastered, was erected on a floor plan shaped as letter L. Its longer wing, located along the main street, adjoins the perpendicular, wider wing that ends with a corner extension. The one-storey building, with basements under parts of the structure, is covered with a hip roof clad with wood shingles, under which there is a usable attic with dormers to ensure brighter ambience. The walls are pierced with large box windows. The originally two-storey corner extension in the back was rebuilt as one-storey, with a mansard roof. Its corners are rusticated, as well as are the corners of the entrance avant-corps crowned with a triangular gable placed asymmetrically in the western façade. The entrance leads to an octagonal vestibule with preserved frescos by Jan Bogumił Plersch. Paintings depicting grotesque and candelabrum arabesque motifs with integrated masks and medallions with allegorical figures are placed on walls, ceiling, built-in wardrobes, and two pairs of doors to the room. These elegant paintings, rich in symbolism, inspired by Antiquity and Renaissance are compared to the works made by Plersch for king Stanisław August in the Conference Room adjacent to the Throne Room in the Royal Castle in Warsaw, and in the Dining Room of the White Pavilion in Łazienki Park. A Rococo-Classicist fireplace in the vestibule and two Baroque-Classicist ones in side halls are also worth particular attention.

The monument is accessible.

compiled by Małgorzata Laskowska-Adamowicz, Regional Branch of the National Heritage Board of Poland in Warszawa, 20-11-2015

Bibliography

  • Karta Ewidencyjna, Muzeum Regionalne, oprac. Karol Guttmejer, Grodzisk Mazowiecki 1977 r., Archiwum Narodowego Instytutu Dziedzictwa
  • Jaroszewski T. S. , Po pałacach i dworach Mazowsza przewodnik cz. II, Warszawa 1999,
  • Katalog zabytków sztuki w Polsce, t. X: Województwo warszawskie, z. 4: Powiat grodzisko-mazowiecki, oprac. Galicka Izabella, Sygietyńska Hanna i Kaczmarzyk Dariusz, Warszawa 1967
  • Potocka A. D., Peintures des arabesques J. B. Plerscha we dworze Mokronowskich w Jordanowicach - historia, technika wykonania i problemy konserwatorskie, „Ochrona Zabytków”, 2001 nr 4, s. 358-371
  • Wierzbicka M., Sawicki T., Konserwacja grotesek J. B. Plerscha na ścianie północnej i fragmencie ściany północno-wschodniej westybulu dworu Mokronowskich w Jordanowicach, „Ochrona Zabytków”, 2001 nr 4, s. 372-384
  • http://grodziszczanin.blogspot.com/2013/03/park-im-hrabiow-skarbkow.html - dostęp 20-11-2015 r.
  • http://infogrodzisk.pl/historia/zabytki/31-dworek-skarbkow - dostęp 20-11-2015 r.

Objects data updated by Jarosław Bochyński (JB).

Category: manor house

Architecture: nieznana

Building material:  brick

Protection: Register of monuments, Monuments records

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_N_14_BK.172565, PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_E_14_BK.32180