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Palace and park complex - Zabytek.pl

Palace and park complex


palace 18th century. Sokolniki

Address
Sokolniki, Wrocławska 4

Location
woj. łódzkie, pow. wieruszowski, gm. Sokolniki

An example of Baroque residential architecture based on Saxon models.

History

In 1726, the small town of Sokolniki was granted town privileges, with consent of King Augustus II. The route from Warsaw to Dresden led through Sokolniki and the town was to serve as the royal residence in the vicinity of the border, used by the king during his trips from Saxony to Poland. At that time, the starostwo (administrative unit) of Sokolniki was under lease to Józef Sułkowski.

In 1774, the Sokolniki area was bought by Łukasz Bniński, the magistrate of the Region of Poznań. The construction of the palace complex is connected with him. He brought here the Dresden architect Frederick Nax (later a royal builder), who drew up a design for the residence in the Saxon Rococo style. It was built in 1775.

The manor outbuilding was probably built in the same year. Its western part was pulled down in the 1920s.

The palace is surrounded by a park with a geometric layout.

During the partitions, the palace complex was leased out by its owner - the Russian general Kolzakov. In the 19th century, the palace was remodelled.

When Poland regained independence, the palace came into the ownership of a private owner (it was then partially parcelled out). After the Second World War, it became the property of the State Treasury. It belongs to a private owner now. For a long time, it housed a restaurant and hotel, which were closed down at the end of 2017.

Description

The palace and park complex is located at the centre of the village, on the route leading from Złoczew to Wieruszów. The palace is situated in the central part of the complex, with its longer side along the north-south axis. The outbuilding is perpendicular to the palace and stands slightly further north. The park surrounding the buildings occupies an area of over 5.5 ha.

Saxon Rococo.

The palace was built on a rectangular floor plan. It is a single-storey building with two-storey avant-corpses positioned on the shorter axis. It is covered with a gable roof with jerkin heads. The outbuilding too was built on the plan of an elongated rectangle. Initially, it had two avant-corpses from the north. Only a 14-axial, eastern part of the building with one avant-corps has survived to this day.

It is covered with a four-hipped, mansard roof. It is a single-storey building. With a higher roof in the central part.

The park covers a large area between a trunk highway and local roads.

It follows a rectangle-like floor plan. From the west, there is the driveway leading to the main entrance of the palace and a wide lawn delineated by low hedges. From the east, the palace is adjoined by a Baroque park with a geometric layout. The main alley is oval-shaped and positioned on the axis of the palace, with side alleys lined by old trees. There are two gates leading to the complex: from the south and north. At present, the southern gate serves as the main gateway.

The palace and the outbuilding are made from solid ceramic bricks. The ceilings in the palace are contemporary in style, made of reinforced concrete (initially, they were wooden). In the outbuilding, the original wooden ceilings and the roof truss have survived. The roofs are tiled.

The western elevation of the palace serves as the façade. In the central part of the façade, there is a three-axial avant-corps. It is topped with a triangular tympanum. It is flanked by one-storey annexes, both of which are six-axial. The axes are accented by the rectangular window openings flanked by fluted pilasters. The roof is punctured by dormer windows.

The eastern, garden-facing elevation was designed in a similar way as the western one. In its central part, there is an oval-shaped avant-corps topped with an attic. The window and door openings in the avant-corps have semicircular tops. Next to the building, there are stairs lead from the terrace to the garden.

The northern and southern elevations are three-axial. On the central axis, there are entrance openings. The side axes are accented by the quadrangular blendes. In the attic part (separated from the ground floor by a cornice), there are two window openings. Just as in the longer elevations, the vertical divisions are emphasized by the use of pilasters.

The southern elevation of the outbuilding has a low plinth supporting flat pilaster strips. The pilaster strips contain a surround and a modest cornice. The resulting shallow recesses were pierced with rectangular, large window openings. On the second axis from the west, an annex was added - a vestibule with a door. In the northern elevation, some window openings have been bricked up or transformed into entrance openings (door and driveway). The preserved eastern elevation - the gable one - has no openings. The western elevation is the remnant of the western wing of the outbuilding. It comprises a fragment of the wall and a roof truss.

The palace has a two-bay interior layout. On the axis of the building, there is an oval-shaped lounge and a hall with a staircase. 

The park and the palace can be viewed from outside all year round. The interiors can be visited upon prior arrangement with the owner.

Prepared by Anna Michalska, Regional Branch of the National Institute of Cultural Heritage in Łódź. 29 December 2017

Bibliography

  • Słownik Geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Warszawa 1890, vol. XI.
  • Katalog Zabytków Sztuki, Warszawa 1953, woj. łódzkie
  • Ciekliński Z., Zabytki Ziemi Wieluńskiej, Łódź 1963
  • Łoza S., Architekci i budowniczowie w Polsce, Warszawa 1954

Category: palace

Architecture: Baroque

Building material:  brick

Protection: Register of monuments, Monuments records

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_N_10_BK.134231, PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_E_10_BK.185060