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St. Leonard’s cemetery church complex - Zabytek.pl

St. Leonard’s cemetery church complex


church Busko-Zdrój

Address
Busko-Zdrój, Bohaterów Warszawy 8

Location
woj. świętokrzyskie, pow. buski, gm. Busko-Zdrój - miasto

A valuable example of wooden sacred construction from the end of the 17th century, erected according to late Gothic patterns.

This is one of the oldest monuments in the Busko District and one of the three monuments, next to the church in Zborówek and Chotelek Zielony, of sacred wooden architecture.

History

The current church of St. Leonard was built in 1699. There was a church here before, mentioned in 1664 and 1679, the origins of which can go back as far as the 12th century, according to some researchers. In the first half of the 18th century the church was renovated thanks to Regina Potocka’s funds. During the Second World War, the building was damaged. The church was renovated in 1962, 1968, 1978 and 1997-98. In the years 2010-2012, under the “Skarbiec Świętokrzyski. Szlak architektury drewnianej i średniowiecznej” [Skarbiec Świętokrzyski. The wooden and medieval architecture trail] project, the fumigation of the church and conservation of paintings on the ceiling of the chancel, the main altar, the side altar, “The Crucifixion Group” on the rood beam, the painting of St. Hedwig of Silesia, St. Kryspian and Kryspinian, the Stations of the Cross and the wooden portal leading to the church took place.

Description

The church is located in the cemetery, on the south-western side of the market square, by the road running in the direction of Pińczów (Bohaterów Warszawy Street). It is a wooden building featuring a wooden log structure and resting on a stone foundation, reinforced in the corners with vertical supports. The walls are covered with double vertical weatherboards. The corners are decorated with pilasters with fluted shafts and carved capitals, extended with imposts. A rectangular porch is adjacent to the nave erected on a square floor plan from the west. The chancel has a rectangular floor plan and is triangularly closed. A square sacristy adjoins it from the north. The nave and the chancel are covered by a gable, shingle roof whose slopes bend slightly over the nave. The sacristy is covered with a shed roof, and the porch with a gable roof. The triangular half top of the porch is decorated with a decorative formwork, creating a motif of radiant sunshine. The steeple has the form of a tower with a hexagonal base with an arcaded lantern, covered with a bulbous roof topped with a spire with a cross on a knob. The interior can be accessed through the porch. The door in the passageway from the porch to the nave is enclosed in a wooden portal. The inscription IHS/ANNO DOMINI 1699 was engraved on the lintel, decorated with an ogee relief. Inside the church, one can see flat, boarded ceilings with upper side logs in the nave. In the western part there are two profiled beams, which are remnants of the music choir. The rood arch has the shape of a full arch. On the rood beam stands the “The Crucifixion Group” from the end of the 17th century: a crucifix with Christ cut out of metal sheet and wooden figures of Our Lady and St. John. In the corner there is Putto pointing to the main altar. Moreover, the inscription WAL(ENTY) W.C.(IESLA) - A[NNO] D[OMINI] 1699 is engraved on the beam, indicating the builder of the church - an unknown carpenter, Walenty. In the chancel one can admire the late Baroque main altar with the statue of St. Leonard, which also contains a wooden statue of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary with moving hands, bending in the elbow and shoulders. Stairs made of tombstone dating back to the 2nd half of the fifteenth century lead to the altar, with preserved remnants of the late Gothic inscription [.]E:/[...]OINIS[....]. On the ceiling there is an old polychrome with the representations of St. Stanislaus and St. Adalbert - patrons of Poland. In the church, the uniform style of the Stations of the Cross, which are probably a work of folk art, is also noteworthy.

Around the church there is an old, closed cemetery, surrounded by a stone wall with numerous tombstones from the 19th century. There is also a late Baroque stone column from the turn of the 17th and 18th century.

The building is accessible from the outside, access to the interior available once a month, other dates upon the consent of the parish priest.

Nina Glińska, Regional Branch of the National Institute of Cultural Heritage in Kielce, 29.06.2017

Bibliography

Adamczyk A., Kościoły drewniane w województwie kieleckim, Kielce 1998, pp. 45-49

Cmoch L., Busko – Zdrój i okolice, Kielce 1993, p. 26

Corpus Inscriptionum Poloniae, vol. I: Województwo Kieleckie, Szymański J. (ed.), vol. III: Busko – Zdrój i region, Kielce 1980, pp. 50-51

Kalina D., Mirowski R., Miasto i gmina Busko-Zdrój. Dzieje i zabytki, Busko-Zdrój 2014, p. 20

Record sheet, Kościół p.w. św. Leonarda /cmentarny/, prepared by Adamczyk Anna, Busko Zdrój 1994, Archives of the Voivodeship Monuments Protection Office in Kielce

Katalog zabytków sztuki w Polsce, vol. III: Województwo kieleckie, J. Z. Łoziński, B. Wolff (eds.), vol. 1: Powiat buski, prepared by Kutrzebianka Kazimiera, Warsaw 1957, pp. 9-10

Mirowski R.,    Drewniane kościoły i dzwonnice ziemi świętokrzyskiej, Kielce 2002, pp. 39-40

Rusak F., Kościół św. Leonarda w Busku - Zdroju, Busko – Zdrój 2014

Rusak F., Motyl S., Szlak drewnianego budownictwa sakralnego wzdłuż Maskalisu, Busko-Zdrój 2009, pp. 1-4

Tkaczyk P. (ed.), Skarbiec Świętokrzyski. Szlak architektury drewnianej i średniowiecznej, Kielce 2012, pp. 37-45

Wiśniewski J., Historyczny opis kościołów, miast, zabytków i pamiątek w Stopnickiem, Marjówka 1929.

 

Category: church

Architecture: nieznana

Building material:  wood

Protection: Register of monuments, Monuments records

Inspire id: PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_N_26_BK.66756, PL.1.9.ZIPOZ.NID_E_26_BK.1619